27 August 2022, IELTS Exam, Writing Task 2, Evening Slot, INDIA

27 August 2022, IELTS Exam, Writing Task 2, Evening Slot, INDIA

Q. Some countries allow older people to work to any age what they want. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

As many countries, such as Japan and the United States, face an aging population, there is a growing debate about senior citizens. In some parts of the world, older residents can retire whenever they want. While this policy has both benefits and drawbacks, I think the risks involved completely outweigh the advantages.

The main benefit of the absence of retirement age is the improvement in the overall well-being of the senior residents. They will be mentally healthier while working compared to staying at home. Having a job prevents the deterioration of older people's self-esteem, allowing them to continue to contribute to society. In addition, socializing with like-minded colleagues in the workplace keeps older people from feeling lonely, especially when their children don't often spend time with them. Having a profession also helps maintain physical health. Physical movements are inherent in some activities, such as coaching or performing; and even if the job requires workers to sit in one place, transportation to and from work provides an additional burden for the elderly. By increasing the amount of physical activity that older people do on a daily basis, having a job will certainly help them stay fit and stay healthy.

However, there are significant risks both for older people and for society as a whole in the absence of a working age limit. Scientists across disciplines have proven that certain functions of the mind and body naturally decline as a person ages. For example, psychological studies have shown that the ability to encode new memory and focus is less in older people, and observation alone is enough to understand that somatic reflexes are slower in older people. This means that older civilians are unsuitable for most occupations: * in low-risk jobs such as teaching and coaching, the consequences may be limited to misses during lectures or errors in scoring; but for high-risk jobs, such as aircraft navigation or policing, the inability to remember, focus, and react quickly can easily cost the lives of the elderly themselves, their colleagues, and other citizens. That is, regardless of benefits at the individual level for the elderly, the length of time an employee is allowed to work must be limited to prevent unfortunate workplace accidents.

To conclude, when it comes to policies whereby residents decide when to retire, the benefits are concentrated at the individual level, while the disadvantages can potentially affect the entire community. Given this contrast, while older people in some countries can work at whatever age they want, this is not a model for learning. In my opinion, the shortcomings certainly prevail, so the aforementioned countries should review their respective laws as soon as possible.

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